Jargon and Cloning Concepts
So like any other field, cloning has developed specialized terms that make it easier for scientists to talk to each other, but it can inadvertently exclude those unfamiliar with the terminology. So, let's start with some terms to familiarize yourself with the concepts and vocab needed to get started.
Jargon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmid
- Plasmid - self-replicating and often-circularized DNA fragment
- not a part of the bacteria's chromosomal genome
https://www.addgene.org/mol-bio-reference/
- Vector - a genetic shuttle that is receptive to inserts and carries them to a host
- It is capable of autonomous replication
- note the image above is a cut/linearized vector
- Sometimes called backbone
- Cassette - All necessary genetic elements flanked with recombination sites to make the whole mobile
- In the image above, this is the orange insert
- Some people refer to this as construct, but it isn't how I will use the term
Construct = Vector + Cassette
- Transcriptional Unit - a promoter, coding sequence, and terminator along with other elements as needed such as NLSs
- Genetic Element - a component to a full transcriptional unit
- e.g. a promoter, terminator, coding sequence, etc.
- Cloning - insertion of recombinant DNA into a plasmid
- What you're about to learn how to do!
Note: Some people may use vector, plasmid, and/or cassette interchangeably. There are nuances in their definitions, but not everyone is familiar with them - that doesn't mean you can't know them!
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